I wouldn’t generally prescribe specific multipliers on something like this, notwithstanding that there are (at least) two different philosophies on how to aportion one’s audio budget.
In general, transducers make the most audible differences and are the biggest determinants in overall performance. They also tend to cost more to get right. So the most common approach is to spend the bulk of your budget on your headphones or speakers.
Amps have the next most audible impact, and generally cost less to get right than transducers (if only due to having fewer mechanical/structural elements), so the 2nd largest chunk of your budget goes here.
That leaves your source - where obviously the remainder of your budget has to go. DACs are generally (not always) easier to engineer to a given level of performance than amplifiers, which helps.
…
Bear in mind, however, that each step in the chain can only DEGRADE the initial source signal or the signal it is fed. And that no component can “fix” or “repair” any omissions etc. from an upstream component. Which leads to the “Source First” approach (common in British audio circles), which maintains you spend the bulk of your budget on the source - as any losses from there are unrecoverable.
…
Given that instrument-grade DACs and amplifiers, with ample power for pretty much any headphone, are available for $99 each, I would generally advocate for spending as much as you can on the headphones, and until you have some broader familiarity, stick with the basic DAC and Amp choices.