OK, I’ll try, but I’m nowhere near as good at explaining this as @Torq. However, I read on the Audioquest website where it talked about the Dragonflies Red and Cobalt as having a “line out” mode when they set the volume to maximum. I wrote to Audioquest to see if this was truly a standard line out, and they told me that it was NOT. It was just the DFR or DFC at maximum volume which represents about 2.1 volts peak to peak. The DFB only puts out 1.2 volts peak to peak.
That’s only part of the story. The rest is the impedance of the output. If we look at LINE LEVEL in Wikipedia, you will see that it is typically 2 volts peak to peak with an impedance of 100 Ω to 600 Ω. This is in contrast to the typical output impedance of much less - Ideally 0 to perhaps half an Ω. Note that the impedance can very with frequency.
What you have with a Dragonfly driving an amp is one amp driving another. Not a good match. Yes, you will get some sound, and I thought it was OK until I heard the difference.
There is a junction between components. In order not to lose power to heat, as I understand it, the driving component should have an impedance of 100 to 1000 times that of the driven component. That won’t be the case with a Dragonfly driving the amp. It can affect efficiency and differently at different frequencies.
HELP PLEASE SOMEONE WITH Audio Engineering experience. I can solder pretty well, but I’m no theorartic… theoryatic…person who knows this stuff.
For the rest of your comment, I use the xDSD to drive the HD-6xx and I use the xDSD both as DAC and AMP when I want portable. I use the xDSD in LINE OUT mode to drive the Lyr 3 amp when I am not being portable.
I use the DFB (still) or the DFC when I travel, right out of the iPhone with IEMs, my Grado RS1e, or Koss Porta-Pros. The DFB if I want to save power and have efficient headphones.
I hope this helps. There are very portable DACs that DO have a line out - if you can pick up a Meridian Explorer 2 (discontinued), for example, it does everything the Dragonflies do - including MQA - and has a LINE OUT you can use to drive an amp.